张品治 26628万字 81214人读过 连载
在看得见的地方,我的眼睛和你在一起; 在看不见的地方,我的心和你在一起…… ——仓央嘉措 发帖、写贴真的比走路更累。曾经看着一张张相片,一直不知道怎么下笔写这篇“色达.喇荣五明佛学院”的开场白,因为写不出那摄人心魄的红色海洋里的虔诚和友善,因为写不出那衣冠朱红穿梭中满目的坚强和执着,因为,更怕这图文误导了你们——我热心的读者们……今天,尤其在听说这个闻名世界的最大的藏传佛学院起火了,心中倍感焦虑。深夜,一杯咖啡相伴,重新“提笔”记录“我眼中的另一个世界——走过‘色达·喇荣五明佛学院’”,也许这是化瞬间为永恒的另一种方式吧……——记(BY 图图) 在这里,在神圣的宗教信仰浓郁的国度里,你可以真切的感受到蓝天下那些看见或看不见的真诚——它,感动着你,震撼着你,让你甘愿停下脚步,寻找心底那份久违的平静——色达喇荣五明佛学院,你是我眼中的另一个世界……——记 那天,清晨从“康定”出发,连续坐了十多个小时的汽车,途中“炉霍”到“喇荣五明佛学院”那段G317公路,路况异常糟糕,而在“炉霍”拼车换乘的藏族司机“娴熟”的车技更是让我苦不堪言,我蜷缩在车上,头疼欲裂,一句话不想讲。我承认我一上车就困,想睡觉,想在迷迷糊糊中到达目的地,以此来逃避晕车的苦。车窗外的景色偶尔会让我捎上一眼,却没留下太多的记忆。是的,人常常会在某个不舒服的时候碰触到“软肋”,让你控制不住的想去伤感、去怀念。那天,“仓央嘉措情歌”在颠簸的车内萦绕着,感觉天堂与信仰离我越来越近,而脑海中时隐时现的与“贡嘎”穿越队友分别时的场面则离我越来越遥远,那天,他们有人在回家的路上,有人在奔向另一个城市的途中,我呢,我去“色达”了,你呢?何时改变?我想,你总有一天也会跟现在的我一样,迷恋上这途中的苦与乐,愿那一刻,我们都是世界上最幸福的人……——记途中休息、午饭…… 途中一景(BY 图图 车内拍摄)…… 午后13点30分到达“炉霍”,这里因为地处山区,交通不便,传统上的居民依旧遵循先祖的足迹,坚守自己的信仰,从事农牧业。一部分人逐渐被旅游业和成人深夜福利视频业冲击,生活开始有了变化。这里的年轻人开始不再像他们的祖辈那样穿着做工精美的手工藏式长袍,他们骑着摩托车,穿着牛仔裤,听最流行的嗨曲,使用最时尚的手机,摇着的微信找“附近的人”……那个午后,经过好一顿讨价还价后,才与广州的两个女孩一同包车奔向“喇荣五明佛学院”……——记 到达“炉霍” 下一站“喇荣五明佛学院” 危险、恶劣的路况,加上令人崩溃的颠簸,加上一路上玩着微信的藏族司机,让我胆战心惊……国道G317 旅行除了可以让我们放眼看世界,它,更能让你看到不一样的自己。进入佛学院时,藏族司机居然一改路上遇车就立马赶超上去的劣性,他的车慢慢的行驶在“觉姆”和“喇嘛”身后,竟不摁一下喇叭;他说,他曾经从家出发,一路朝拜到“布达拉宫”,历经8个月之久,路上看到那些身体不适可依旧一步三叩的人,很让他敬佩……我承认,那一刻我的心再一次颤抖,为这样的民族信仰,为有这样虔诚的人。记得那天,我在路上曾不止一次的想,也许除了冬季,随便春夏秋来这里都会比现在更美吧,可是,从踏进色达佛学院开始,我的观念便转变了,不再会为“错过”而后悔,不再会为类似登顶或穿越成功这样的满足感和幸福感所桎梏,是的,今天的我毕竟已不再年轻,能有一个金钱换不来的健康的身体和一个好的心态,能这样有机会出去走走,足矣,夫复何求?——记 距“色达”县城20余公里有一条山沟叫“喇荣沟”,在蔚蓝苍穹之下,银岭碧草之间,数千间赫红色的木屋,如众星拱月般簇拥着几座金碧辉煌的大殿,这里就是藏于深山中的“喇荣五明佛学院”,也称“色达佛学院”,是世界上最大的藏传佛学院。这里的僧舍很壮观,初到色达佛学院,眼前那连绵数公里的山谷布满了密密麻麻的小木棚屋,成千上万的喇嘛和尼姑的宿舍,会让你目瞪口呆;谷底和山梁上分布着几座寺庙和佛堂,建筑规模虽都不很大,但装饰考究而辉煌,在佛学院最高的山峰上,有一个金碧辉煌的建筑,叫做“坛城”(音译),它的上半部分是转经的地方,据说如果有什么疾病,在这里转上一百圈就能好,下面一层是转经筒,金色的圆筒在人们干枯的手转动过之后会留下一串悠长的嘎吱嘎吱的响声;这里常住的喇嘛有两万多人,每到有佛事活动人数还会增加,最多时可达四万多人,那些身披桨红色僧袍的喇嘛和尼姑每天在这里来来往往,空气中充满生机和祥和气氛……——记 藏族司机把深夜在线福利视频四人送到地处佛学院最高的宾馆——“喇荣宾馆” 没想到冬天的佛学院气候格外干冷,生活条件如此清苦。那天,到达佛学院最高处的“喇荣宾馆”时已经将近傍晚18点钟,住的宾馆里没有水(因为没有取暖设备,室内的自来水管道已经冻了),服务员给深夜在线福利视频发了一个塑料桶,让深夜在线福利视频自己往楼上房间提水;房间内厕所上了锁无法使用,上厕所得下楼,走出去一段,然后拐弯上坡,到一个搭着木板的简易厕所里,那个夜晚,我竟然去了三次,每次都气喘吁吁的回来……也许,是因为高原夜晚的空气更稀薄,也许,是因为“旅行”注定了就不是去享受,那晚,我看到月色下的“色达佛学院”,美得让我忘记了纠缠一路的疲惫……——记夜幕降临……(BY 图图) 出行,若能带上一颗包容和尊重他人的胸怀去体验他人的生活,我想,也许一切会变得更好些……那一夜,恍若隔了一个世纪。冥冥中一句“好久不见”,便淹没了我心中所有的世俗杂念,一颗麻痹的心被默默唤醒。是的,佛,虽没问我的来处,没问我的归途,但我愿意在这里朝拜祈福,求佛主施舍一粒善意的种子埋在我的心底,从此心存感激,不再用猎奇的眼光来“读”你……——记夜…… 清晨,山间到处是烟雾缭绕,密密麻麻的僧舍周围弥漫着呛人的烟熏味道,新的一天就这样开始了。这里,清一色的僧舍沿着谷底一层一层地向两侧山坡延伸,漫山遍野的僧舍看似一片杂乱无章的红色海洋,但它们却依照严格的戒律而建。山顶密集的小屋多为男僧侣的住所,山坡左右两侧为觉姆(女尼)的住所,中间隔着的是居士区。男女出家人之间禁止接触、交谈、结伴行走。中部谷底为最早修行者所居之地,也是讲经、辩经之处所,广场上金碧辉煌的建筑则是法王“晋美彭措”弟子“堪布”的讲经处……——记 镶着金牙的藏族大姐结识于昨晚的饭厅,当时她一个劲儿对着我笑,待到第二天偶遇拍照时她用手捏了下我肉乎乎的脸……色达,你是谁的天堂…… 色达,在你圣洁的怀抱里,沐浴了多少人的灵魂,净化了多少人的心灵…… 感谢你带给我的震撼,让我忍不住一次次停下脚步去感受这份美好…… 蔚蓝的天空,没有一丝云彩飘过,寺庙被河谷中排山倒海般交错的绛红簇拥着,是谁吸引着我来到这里,让我变成你的画中人?有人说“是你的东西永远属于你,不争也是你的……”我不完全这样认同,因为有些时候我会“争”,因为“争”代表一个人努力做某件事时的方向和过程,最终,无论“结果”是否属于你,其实并不重要,毕竟生活中有些东西并不是因为曾经努力了就能够拥有——就像“爱过”与“被爱过”,很多人为此走了弯路,因心事过重,因郁郁不乐而走不动,虚度了一生,其实,若能换个角度看世界,你便会发现转身绕过山的那边,三步两步后便是天上人间……——记 “静(净)”,是心底的“莲”,他们犹如孩童时的简单与纯真,犹如邻家少女的婉约与质朴,犹如喧嚣闹市中瘦成一袭的孤单……那一日,“喧中见静”,靡靡的佛音和经筒转动的声音,斑驳的墙体和每一个涂抹艳丽的图腾,无不在向人诉说着它一往幽深的故事——人世间的圆满与否不要刻意的去迎合或逃避,它或许真的就是一个圈,走着走着就绕回来了,再回首时,你会发现,一颗满是尘埃的心,一半在记忆的尘土中飞扬,一半沿着这个弧度沐浴在阳光——从起点到终点……——记([]
最新章节: 第521章 遇见王沥川 ( 2025-06-06 07:23:57)
更新时间: 2025-06-06 04:46:46
该贴记录本人在美国游记的点点滴滴,分享给大家,供大家欣赏,希望广大驴友强烈支持下实拍国立美国历史博物馆 这是我自己感觉最难写的一个博物馆,我最怕的是这个帖子最终变成了一堆片子,而我希望的是朋友们能和我一样,在穿越这二百多年历史的浮光掠影之后,能带着一点思考。 国立美国历史博物馆,英文全名是“The National Museum of American History”,与以前介绍的航天航空博物馆、和国立自然历史博物馆一样,是世界上最大的博物馆体系 — 史密森尼博物馆(Smithsonian Institution)下属的十六所博物馆之一,亦是美国最大的历史博物馆。国立历史博物馆位于华盛顿国家广场中段的北边,东邻以前介绍过的自然历史博物馆,南门遥对美国农业部。馆舍长175米,纵深91.5米、高36.7米,是一个白色大理石的五层建筑,总面积75万平方英尺,包括地下室、三层展厅、两层办公室和储藏室,顶层是机械动力室。我去的时候圣诞节刚过,大厅里还伫立着有两层楼高的圣诞树。 美国历史博物馆的展区有三层,一层设农业技术、交通运输、电话电信、纺织、医药等;第二层设第一夫人服饰、移民、昔日日常生活、移民发展等部门,三层设军队史、兵器、报纸、邮政、乐器、货币与纪念章、陶瓷器等部门。博物馆的宗旨是“收藏、保管和研究影响美国人民经历的物品”,展览的主是表现美国人的生活,时间从美国独立战争结束至当代,整个陈列反映了欧洲各国移民到达美洲大陆后艰苦创业,开发技术,共同努力创造一个统一的不断发展的美利坚合众国的历史。与一般的历史博物馆不同,美国历史博物馆的展品不是按年代和地区陈列的,而是按专,这与美国历史的短暂及藏品博杂很有关系。 新近开放了为911专辟的展区:911-历史的见证。在那里,人们可以看到前纽约市长朱利安尼在纪念活动中带过的帽子、来自各地的义务工作者在救援活动中使用过的工具、纽约警车残骸以及无数的图片与故事等,这些物品,忠实记录着那一震惊世界的事件,更提醒人们对生命的尊重与生存的意义。这是被攻击的美国五角大楼 9月11日那天飘扬的旗帜。 星条旗馆区是必须看的,那里有1812年第二次对英战争中飘扬在麦克亨利堡上空的长14米,宽10米的大星条旗。 美国总统展区有很多实物,包括:美国第一任总统华盛顿的制服、戴过的假发和使用过的佩剑、杰佛逊起草《独立宣言》时用过的办公桌、杰佛逊使用过的圣经、林肯的帽子、卢瑟福总统的广播话筒等。· · 反映美国服饰的展厅里以白宫室内布置为背景,塑有自玛莎·华盛顿以来历届美国第一夫人穿着礼服的蜡像,成为200年美国贵妇人服饰演变的史料展示。· 我最喜欢的是肯尼迪夫人的礼服,简约却唯美,透着十足的品位,某种程度上解释了为什么她曾经会是最受上流社会男人追捧的女人。 奥巴马夫人的礼服在我看来只是一件普通的晚礼服,从礼服上可以判断,第一夫人的个子真的是好高哟。· 顺时针:林肯夫人、卢瑟福夫人、卡特夫人、和艾森豪威尔夫人的礼服。 对战争史有兴趣的游客可以在第三层参观关于越战、炮舰、西点军校、以及冷战时期的陈列。这里还有货币、纪念章、防止品、印制品的展览。这是南北战争时候火炮实物。 左:1838年Spencer发明的显微镜。右上:1844年摩尔电码电报机键。右下:1888年柯达制作的第一台照相机。 左上:1926年的1401蒸汽机模型。左下:1897年史蒂芬·巴隆制造的四轮轻型汽车。右:1846年Elias Howe发明的缝纫机。 左:1965年贝尔直升机为美国军方制作的Huey65-10091,1966年参与了对越作战。右:星球大战制片人George Lucas制作的机器人角色R2-D2.在实际的电影中,这两个机器人是穿着服装的演员扮演的。 左:拳王阿里的拳击手套和毛巾外披。右上:著名现代爵士乐圆号师 Dizzy Gillespie 在1972年-1985年间演奏使用的号,这圆号的扭曲处原本是偶然事故造成的,但他发现这样的演奏效果更好。右下:迈克尔·杰克逊的帽子。 左上/右上:电影《绿野仙踪》(The Wizard of OZ)里女主角穿的那双著名的红宝石鞋。左下:狮子王的面具。右下:著名卡通剧最早的模型。顺时针:史上最著名的棒球运动员Babe Ruth名的棒球,奥运会冠军的冰鞋和体操衫。 同时还有展区展出了18世纪邮局模型、古老邮票、和民族乐器等。最后我想花点时间专门说一下这个在一层展区的历史实物:The Woolworth’s Lunch Counter (Woolworth餐馆的午餐桌,作者译)。· 在1960年,黑人还不允许坐在北卡罗来纳州Greensboro市 F.W.Woolworth 饭店的午餐桌子上吃饭,那时,种族的不平等在美国南方还是司空见惯的事情,不论是在饭馆、卫生间、和其他公共场所,黑人都被“Jim Crow”这种族不平等的条理制约,无法获得平等的选举、租房、甚至外出就餐的权利。 1960年2月1日,四个黑人大学生来到这里、坐下、然后礼貌地点午餐,他们的要求被拒绝了,并被勒令离开,但是他们一直坚持坐在那里,这种被动和平的反抗方式点燃了美国年轻人中挑战种族不平等运动的战火,成百的学生、民权组织、教堂和社区的人员逐渐加入抗议,和Woolworth 饭店持续对峙了六个月。1960年7月25日,饭店最终不得不妥协,废除了种族隔离的规定。 国立美国历史博物馆展示了美国不同时期历史的演进过程,从南北战争、美国工业革命,到科学的进步历程,美国史上的点点滴滴都有包含。浏览其中,仿佛走入历史的画卷,在了解一代代移民艰苦创业、体验人文与科技的演变之余,你也许会更深地体会到,浩如星海的历史并非仅仅由大事组成,每一次历史变革都起源于深夜在线福利视频普通百姓自己的争取和努力,每一个普通人也时时刻刻在创造着历史,也许因此,你会对生活和生命增添更多的期待和热爱吧。你看你看它们的眼钱塘湖春行白居易孤山寺北贾亭西,水面初乎云脚低。几处早莺争暖树,谁家新燕啄春泥。乱花渐欲迷人眼,浅草才能没马蹄。最爱湖东行不足,绿杨阴里白沙堤。 前两天贴了一组“乱花渐欲迷人眼”的图片,突然就想起了这组马的片子,好像只有配到一起才能对得起白翁。这组片子答应朋友很久了,要周末了,翻出来轻松一下。 曾有个朋友去新墨西哥州旅行,在沙漠地带拍到一群野马,很剽悍、很漂亮,让我很羡慕。我们山里也常看得到野马,貌似和鹿一样,已经基本上不怕人了。· 弗吉尼亚有很多牧场上经营着种马场,主要是配种生殖参加赛马比赛的公马,也允许人去参观,那里有很多漂亮的马,我惊异的是它们看人的眼神,那里面有着一种审视和警觉。([]
四川康定贡嘎山各种形式的穿越无可置疑的是国内徒步爱好者最喜爱的路线之一。它以沿线众多气势雄伟的山脉,连续不断的各种高山景色而著称。我早就为之所动,几年前曾花了近一年的时间在8264收集资料和作线路的准备,并在2011年的6月初作了我第一次的穿越尝试。但最后因高反等原因而未能成功。我为之非常的后悔和懊恼。这个情结一直在我的心上。今年的早些时候,我又萌发了去四川西部背包徒步的念头,实际上是个更大徒步计划中的一个阶段。我因此从国外带回几乎所有的背包徒步行装,并花费了相当的时间作线路上的准备。我于2014年6月25日至7月3日完成了四川康定贡嘎山的单人背包徒步穿越,没有借助向导人员和马匹。这条步行的线路为康定县城>榆林村>日乌且沟>上日乌且垭口>莫溪沟>下次梅村>草科村。全程距离大约为100公里。除了一整天在下次梅村的村民忠一家的休整外,其间共用时七天半的时间。徒步期间天气的基本特征为每天都有降雨,没有固定的时间,时早时晚;而且我感觉在白天里比几年前的那次徒步更频繁。从老榆林村至下次梅村,加上巴望海以东几公里均为人畜小道,令我有点吃惊,尽管每天有不少的降雨,但路面却相当的硬实;偶尔出现的泥潭稍微绕道就能解决。至于沿途的水源和涉水过溪的细节,我将在每天的纪实里更详细地说明。我的背包徒步线路和每天的营地或住地。我在2014年6月23日下午5点多钟搭乘去四川成都的火车。我从南京站出发,第二天中午就到了成都站。我出了成都站后,赶紧往附近不远处的成都城北汽车中心走去,想购买12点钟去康定的班车。幸运的很,车站仍然有余票。国道G318与往常一样,因修筑隧道,在这些地方车辆只能单向行驶,堵车耗时很利害,确又无能为力。这样我又花上了10个小时,在下着大雨的夜里来到了康定县城。我随即在康定县城的哈达客栈住下。在去康定县城途中的路旁。第一天 2014年6月25日起点 康定城哈达客栈,海拔高度2554m (手表读数8380')启程时间 945 AM终点 格西草原,海拔高度3572m (手表读数11720')扎营时间 445 PM当日行程 20公里(+/-)天气 白天多云到晴,夜里小雨~中雨。我的背包徒步线路和每天的营地或住地。我昨晚在康定县城的哈达客栈住下,12点钟以后才休息。我早上6点多钟起来,明显休息得不够。我有意再在康定呆上一天,以消除旅途的疲劳和适应高原的海拔高度,但一早起来看见天空出现的蓝天,不禁改变了念头,决定慢慢地走,去更高的海拔进行调整。既然决定今天上路,就赶紧去超市买一些食品,后来证明是多余的,不过最后都送给见到的藏族同胞了。雨季里的河流水位暴涨,急冲而下,势不可挡。不得不承认,现代的工业能力使得其附近的人类文明得以长期地保存。康定县城依旧很漂亮。虽然有很多现代化的建筑,和外来文化的展露影响,但它在很多方面都非常体现出藏族文化的特色和风格。这个城市的格局,气候,海拔,四周的群山及人文等,一直都是我的喜爱。康定市区中心的街道,广场是我每次必去的地方。对我来说,两次来去匆匆,这里的一切都尚未仔细地探索,觉得很新奇,不知何时才能消除这样的感觉。简短的购物完毕后,在回客栈的路上,抓紧留下一些更多对康定的记忆。我以前没有注意到桥上的一组雕塑。它们具有历史上汉藏民族交流的主思想。此时相对于我夏季每天开始徒步的时间已经很晚了。我知道今天的路还很长,不敢多久留,赶紧回到了哈达客栈,吃了早饭,打点好行装,踏上了去贡嘎山的经典穿越。与我在8264所了解许多徒步朋友的做法不同,我从县城里开始步行,而不是从老榆林村的水电站开始。所以这增添了大概15公里的路途。但从缓慢地适应高海拔的意义上讲,我认为是还有益处的,同时又能省下单人包车的费用。国道G318公路进出康定城的这座桥梁是乎是城郊的分界点。看着天空的乌云,心里开始有点疑惑,毕竟是在雨季里。在刚才走过的右手路边上,碰见了一位昨天一起从成都搭车来这里的藏族同胞。在我打招呼后,他也认出了我来,显得非常的友善。深夜在线福利视频彼此相互寒喧,握手道别。 离开了国道G318后,转上了去康定新城的岔道。我实在被路边正在修建的大型建筑所震惊,到处都是建筑工地。这一带可能是最后一片开发地区。我不是专家,但一直在思考在这多地震的川西地区,从安全角度来讲,修建高层建筑是否恰当。可能我的顾虑为多余的。与上次来这里一样,人们依然在路边放养马匹,但牦牛已经看不见了。显然动物数量上的减少意味着它们的生活环境的减小,和人类的开发活动的加大。此时道路坡度增加,我能感觉到我的行走速度开始有些缓慢,心里明白我的高反已经开始。不过从康定出来的行走是个慢慢的适应高海拔的过程。我的时间还算比较充裕,即使旅途的劳累还没有消除,只要不下大雨,今天走到预订的营地,格西草原应该没有问。虽然四周的景色依然不错,但这一带的土地开发规模却十分的惊人。康定的确是个居住生活的好地方。希望开发者在完成其项目后,尽量地将环境还原其本色。道路两旁的景色很漂亮,不过在天气晴朗的大道上行走的确有些乏味,尤其是日晒皮肤的感觉也来了。我的腿部和手部的晒伤就是从此时开始的。我十分缺智地假设川西雨季的白天以乌云天气为主,即使是出太阳,也为短时间的,紫外线对皮肤的伤害影响不大。所以在启程前的一两天,我决定不携带手套,和通常在这种情况下穿的帖身长内裤。幸好带着条两节速干裤,等到明天扎营时发现自己的双腿晒伤后,便赶紧穿上了。康定新城里的非常具有藏族特色的建筑。 回望康定县城。很多东西现在都在脚下了。环绕它四周的群山此时看得更加清楚。对生活在丘陵地带的我来说,这样的市镇座落是个很大的惊奇。而左手的山腰上的G318的交通清晰可见。我试着去辨认昨晚在哈达客栈结识的几个骑车去拉萨的年轻人,但根本做不到,只希望他们平安走运。康定新城的生活区旁一组反映当年汉藏贸易交往的历史人物的塑像,应该是茶马古道上的各种生活细节。 这俩兄弟的形像挺逼真的,很有色彩。 不小的队伍。好象比实物都大不少,蛮生动的。那石头上刻的字,"西出炉关" 不知意味着是否当年的茶马古道在此结束,再往西就纯粹是藏区了。康定新城的生活区。我在这分岔路口向几个过路人确认了去老榆林村的路。天热,口真渴,但带出来的两升水每时还必须谨慎地控制,不敢多喝。人的皮肤感到太阳的火辣,平时不太注意的我,尽找阴凉的地方走,但我还没有意识到皮肤实际上已经开始受伤了。 在回头朝康定县城方向看去。它已在山粱的背后了。可能是最后能国道G318的地方。还是想说,特喜欢这个被群山环抱的新城。高山前的康巴大酒店,很有异域的风格和特色。其色彩与背景天空调和得那么粉彩绚丽。想不到来自远方的宗教在这里偏僻的地方居然能够出现。这也充分体现了现在国家对宗教存在的容忍和民众信仰的多样化。又是一个密集的居民区和商业点。其附近还有一些政府的机构。这里是康定新城的边缘。我估量着该是午饭的时间,便坐在图片最左边楼前的路旁用餐。好奇的人过来问我的情况。我如实回答他们。我知道今天的饮水很多,便向一家作街门销售的老板们讨水。他们爽快的答应了我,确实给我补充了很多的水。要不然再往前走几十米就出康定新城,以后向藏族老乡讨水就更难了。所以以后若再重复这里过程的话,考虑到天气,气温,和防止高反用水,我至少要带3升水。从国道G318分岔到去新城的路上后大部分为国家机构,店几乎没有。只有新城生活区里沿途才有几家便利店。我非常感谢给我水的老板夫妇。当然出城后也可以去沿途村里的小卖部买水或向老乡讨水。虽然不如上次见到的人多,我一路还是碰见了好几位老乡,非常的好,肯定会帮助解决水的问的。沿途的乡村景色。沿途的乡村景色。 可喜地看到当地的居民也种植一些农作物,以补充食物的来源。嗨,居然还有车站。我想可能是连接榆林村与康定市区的班车。当然还有小卖部,但我没有上前探询,不知是否营业。路边景色第一次提醒我今后的几天里我所大概要见到的。 路上遇见一位才从山里干完活回家的藏族妇女。她很健谈,汉语也说得很好。深夜在线福利视频一路聊了好一会儿,直到她到图片里的这个家,还邀请我有空去"耍耍",用的词汇居然与中原地区的方言一样! 非常朴实真诚的藏族村民!背景为日乌且沟东侧的一座大山。去海螺沟的公路就在它前面的山脚下。我有遇见了一群在地里干活的村民,很多是妇女。在他们朝我看来的时候,我首先高喊"扎西德勒"! 他们也相对地回应了我,随后一阵笑声。他们对外人很是友好。我心里感到若遇上什么困难,他们一定会尽力帮助我的,事实上以后的经历也证明了这点。([]
Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangMr YANG Liusong, a Chinese who just finished the first solo traverse over Chang Tang by cycling from west to east in recorded human history, shared his stunning Expedition with all of us through the forum 8264 https//bbs.8264.com/thread-512349-1-1.html . In order to share his legendary journey with those who cannot read Chinese, I translate his story to English here, which has been approved by Mr YANG Liusong. Hope you guys enjoy it.为了让杨同学的传奇能让全世界的驴友分享,俺决定把杨同学的帖子翻译成英文。为了避免麻烦,俺先来个免责声明:1。杨同学不认识俺,也没有授权俺,如果他说不要翻译了那俺就随时终止;2。俺没有商业目的,译版版权归杨同学,俺啥也不要,也不承担法律责任;3。没有杨同学授权,不敢擅自发在国外网站,发在原帖处,荣誉归8264;4。俺英语水平有限,欢迎指正,欢迎转贴。 Northern Wilderness, Solo Traverse of the Great Chang TangBy Yang LiusongIt has been three months since I traversed the unpopulated region in the Great Chang Tang. There are many like-minded asking me about it. I now present this thread to briefly tell everybody about my journey.The starting point of this traverse was from the highest peak of the western part of the Tibetan plateau, Jieshan Daban, and the day was April 20, 2010.I was heading eastward passing Bungdag Co, Yanghu Co, Rola Co, and Kangzhagri Mountain, which crossed over the desolate region from west to east. The journey continued northward to enter the unpopulated area of Altun Mountains, through Hoh Xil Mountains, Kunlun Mountains, Whale lake, ..., finally met some people by the Aqqikkol Hu and then arrived in Huatugou by vehicle three days later and that day was July 5. It had been 77 days in total. I had been all alone 74 days after leaving Jieshan Daban until arriving inAqqikkol Hu, which was about 1400km and about four months.[The Great Chang Tang] In Tibetan, "Chang Tang" means northern empty wilderness while narrowly, means unpopulated region in northern part of Tibet. However, it actually indiCATes all of the no man's land in northern. The great Chang Tang includes desolate places in Northern Tibet, Hoh Xil, Alun Mountains, and Kunlun Mountains, which are interconnected to form the unique and super empty wilderness in the world. Only because Hoh Xil is the most known name, most people just think this vast land is equivalent to Hoh Xil. In reality, Hoh Xil is only a small piece of the Great Chang Tang both administratively and geologically. The Great Chang Tang, the last land to chase your freedom and dream.The route that I traversed ForeplayI arrived in Tibet in the early March, a couple of troubles bothered me. The brand new plug got its positive and negative wrongly connected; the rivets of my rucksack eASIly got broken from now and again; and a multi-functional charger got damaged and so on. Riding my bike to Ngari for warming up of this journey, lost my rucksack but later got it back; lost my camera bag and got it back later again, and finally lost a big bicycle pannier in the street of Gyangze town under the eyes of police, including clothes, solar panel and so on.Without much choice, I returned to Lhasa to adjust all the stuff I would need in the wilderness. Then I begged some luck by going to Nyingchi to enjoy the blossoms of peach trees and to take a hot spring bath. I even had the privilege to enjoy time with ten girls in the hot spring. I felt my bad luck had all gone and then returned to Lhasa again to prepare going to Ngari. I did not expect that I was cheated on by some hustler and lost some money and delayed my schedule for a week. I had to find a car myself quickly to Nagri. However, I lost the tool for fast-parting my rear wheel on my way to Nagri, where was a remote area in Tibet and nowhere to buy the tool. Even if there was one in Lhasa it would take at least ten days for a special delivery service. I was lucky that my mate Duola asked a driver to bring the tool for me from Lhasa. I thought there should be no more nightmare like this but the nozzle of my brand new multi-fuel stove was broken. The next day I tried everywhere to weld them back together. The first three shops could not do the welding for copper. The fourth one said they could do it but could not guarantee a sUCCess. The engineer said it would be ten Chinese yuans if it was a success. I agreed. Just in seconds, my nozzle became crap in a flash of lightening. I was so upset. Again, Duola helped me by bringing her own MSR oil stove and Dingding's sleeping bag to Nagri. That was already April 16 and I did not have much time to waste. The following day I found a vehicle heading to Jieshan Daban.The sand storm over Yarlung Zangbo RiverA lonely peach tree blossoming in Yarlung Zangbo Grand CanyonNatural hot spring in wild, me singing and drinking (photo by a friend of mine) Day 1(April 20), 16km, Camping 5192mIt was a truck with a full load of iron wastes, arriving in Jieshan Daban at 6'o clock in the morning. It was still night and extremely cold and dark. Driver was not bothered to pop his head out of the driving cab. I climbed up on the top of the iron wastes, taking my bicycle down. In a hurry, I punched my old water bag. Fortunately I had another MSR water bag given by a friend of mine otherwise I would definitely fail without even starting my journey. For the first time for me to set up the brand new tent in strong, cold winds. It would be impossible to do so if the tent was not a whole piece. Extremely cold outside, about -15C, might be lower than that, I put my head into the sleeping bag but was nearly suffocated to death, honestly. The smell of Dingding's sleeping bag was, lol, so extraordinary. I woke up around 11 o'clock. There were still strong winds outside so that I had to use my bodyweight to keep the tent in place. At the time when I just started to cook and eat, four patrolling soldiers approached me. To their surprise someone, in this season, camped in Jieshan Daban. I was so nervous and afraid they were the people to block my journey because I was caught and deported from the desolate land last year. Luckily the four soldiers did not know my destination and were very kind to me. After they left, I immediately packed my stuff and pushed my bike into the depths of the unpopulated area just in case anything unexpected happened.The bike was very heavy due to the provisions and hard to control. There was even a quite small hill that I had to remove my bike panniers to get over it. This really struck me because this happened even the path was still the hardship one at the moment and I could not imagine what I would do once I entered the uncertain, endless wilderness. Until now I had not met anyone, even the nomadic pastoralists. I remembered there were quite a few of them roaming at the edge of the northern Tibetan plateau last year. All of these indicated it was not the good pasture season in such low temperature and strong winds. Around 16km there was a sheep cote, where I passed it last year, east of Lungmu Co. I was exhausted at this point so that I decided to camp in here and to rest my head. After arranging tent everything I went out to look for the wetland discovered by Duola and Liumeng last year. I was determined to find it.There were many hot springs in the wetland which were underground water with a constant temperature. The wetland therefore became an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such harsh weather, which was the very unique land feature of terrain in this over 5200m highland.Perpetual snow in the valley blown to corn shape by strong windsThis wetland was discovered by Duola and Liumeng. The workers at a nearby mine did not know it and I too missed it last yearUnderground water with a constant temperature, an ideal habitat for some fishes and weeds under such icy weather 感谢大伙儿支持和加分,不一一回复了。特别感谢多啦,希望能有机会一起喝酒吃肉。 Day 2 (April 21), 0km, Camping5192mBlustering gale all night, up and down like ocean waves. The next day rather than continuing to travel, I stayed inside the sheep cote, hesitating and pondering over. Indeed, there were so many problems before this journey;I did not have sufficient physical preparation;the load had already reached its limitation; I still coughed a lot;the weather was so extreme and cold. All in all, I did not think this journey was well prepared and I did not have confidence in completing this journey mentally and physically. To do, or not to do, it was the question. Similarly I did not have confidence in my facilities, not knowing whether all of them would work functionally or not. The fact was one of the rivets got broken again and the front rack came loose. In the afternoon, I replaced all the rivets of the panniers with screws I had prepared before. This was an excellent job I had done which gave me no further troubles throughout my whole journey. I also re-adjusted the front rack. However I did not think it would definitely all right because I did not have a tool to do it. When the darkness descended,I made up my mind to continue my journey, which, of course, was not beyond any imagination. Orchid-like weedsSmall springs everywhere, clear and chillyA thin layer of ice covering the fresh spring water The sheep cote, it was the door under the sleeping bag, which was in the same place as last year, everything looked like yesterdayThe wetland at duskLungmu Co at dusk. You could hear the gigantic sound of wind if the picture had a sound Day 3 (April 22), 52.4km, Camping 5145mGot up in the morning, could not put everything into the bags. Without much choice I had to throw away three portions of tsampa, elbow pads, and crampons. Following the road of the lead-zinicmine I found the side path to enter the wilderness, which was on the riverbed and very hard to see. I missed this side path last year so that I had to take a short cut into the wilderness directly then. That was why I had taken extra care to find the side path. The following journey was to get over a big hill, which lay 5275m above sea level and was the highest point of my whole journey. Around 2 o'clock in the afternoon, I passed the side path leading to Orba Co and started a journey which was complete strange to me. I ate a piece of pilot breads, which was frozen like rocks so that I had to use my spade to crush it. At 6 o'clock in the evening, I had pushed plus rode my bicycle for about 32 km. I reckoned I should have been able to double this if I did no carry such heavy load. The wind became stronger and stronger. I opened the parasail kits and tested it. The result was far beyond what I expected. With the aid of the strong wind I was just like flying over the wilderness. After 8 o'clock in the evening, I started to observe the water Source and to get ready to camp. Map showed there were successive springs along the path and assembled to puddles. But I had overestimated the water source here in this land and in this season there were endless wilderness inside the valley, where I could not see a single drop of water. As it became darker and darker, I felt a little bit nervous which resulted in three spokes of the parasail broken and became a useless rubbish. Anyway, it helped me to move forward 20km more which benefited me a lot later on. When time approached 9.30 pm, it was almost completely dark. I had to lie my bike on the ground and went on to try to find water on the north side of the valley. This was a wide and flat sandy land, where I could not see any ditches there and further was complete darkness. I returned to get my GPS to look up the contours and found the south part of the valley was closer to a hill so I took the way. Finally I found a piece of ice in a ditch. I smashed about 20litre of ice. The ice was quite shallow scattered with sheep poo. On my way back, my eyes were hurt by strong winds, which got me a couple of days to recover. It was nearly 23 o'clock after I set up the tent. It also took about 40 mins to melt the ice. I was so tired and my appetite was completely spoiled. I then had a little bit of milk. I had never expected thing would go like this, it was so distressing. Streams along the path, ice everywhereThe river flew into Matou Hu, in whose north part there was a satellite lake, a wonderful ice-skating court It took 40mins to melt the ice in midnight Day 4 (April 23), 31km, Camping 5028mA cloudy day with gusts. From now and again, hails chased me from behind. Sunny spell. Heavy sandy land made me have to push my bike. At 3pm, I arrived at Luxing Hu, where there was a house made of clay. This was the last permanent building of my journey. Last year, Duola and Liumeng once lived in this house for three days without meeting anybody. It seemed it was the same but the truck parking in front of the house made me worry about. I went to the sheep cote first to check over, where there were only a few lambs following me everywhere I went later on. This made me feel warm in my heart. I observed farther places using my binoculars but could not see any people or sheeps. After making sure there were no people around I opened the locked door using a screwdriver. The living room was very clean. There were two boxes of beverages on the ground and a string of cured lamb legs hanging over in the interior room. A pot of water was on the top of the stove, lukewarm, which indicated the host must be not far away from his home. I filled up my water bag and left the house. I also put the screws back to the door in order not to leave any trace of my visiting. I then took a spanner from the toolbox of the truck, which gave me great help for the rest of the journey.I left the house as quickly as possible. After last year's experience, the nomadic pastoralists were the last people I wanted to meet. A few hundred meters away from the house, the vehicle traces were fading fast. Even downhill, I had to push rather than to ride because of the heavy loose sand. From the route point of view, only after Luxing Hu it was the real unpopulated land. After many days, I thought of the lamb legs from time to time. It was pity that I then had plenty of provisions and the bike was too heavy to carry anything more. Continue to melt the ice under the morning sunshine, all of the sheep poo had been removed carefullyCamping site, the little hill over there was the place where I got the ice last nightThe house by the Luxing Hu, empty, the last permanent building I saw throughout my journeyDay 5 (April 24), 19.8km, Camping 4951mSet off at 10.30 in the morning, the weather was similar to yesterday. Probably this road was the high plain or somewhere the wind passed so that it was so windy. The average wind speed was degree 6 but could reach degree 9 in the blick of an eye. The road was still full of sand and very heavy to walk on it. My eyes became worse under such harsh weather. About three o'clock in the afternoon, I saw something in my right, looked like antenna. I went closer to see what it was and found out it was an iron tower (the triangulation station). In 1970s, a joint team from Chinese three military regiments entered this area doing research. They have left a lot of triangulation stations and benchmarks, which I had the priviledge to see them today.At dusk, I approached to a spring by the Bungdag Co, which flew into the frozon lake. The sand and soil, brought by the strong wind, scattered on the surface of the ice all over the lake. There were so many cracks around the icey surface of the lake. I geussed it must be caused by the springs under the water rather than by melted ice. In the west of the Bungdag Co was the side path leading to Keriya Pass, where a SUV could reach directly. I had looked out any vehicle Tracks but failed. The cloudy sky started to snow. I set up the tent comfortably because I knew that I was safe having such a sweet spring beside me.Triangulation station erected by scientists from the joint research team on Chang Tang of three military regiments in 1971[size=+0]The gap between water and ice in Bungdag Co, I guessed there must be some springs under the lakeThe storm just above the ground, a chaotic darkness[size=+0]Icy Bungdag Co,one of the four biggest lakes in Northern Tibet, wild ducks flying over this vastness and lonenessSnowing at any time, should not happen so frequently like this in this seasonDay 6 (April 25), 4.3km, Camping 5002mWeathering landforms everywhere around this area. Spongy volcanic rocks could be found easily. I pushed my bike turning around a small hill, seeing a big river, the Yinshui He, flowing from Orba Co into Bungdag Co, which I had been to its upstream last year. It was also a passage for animal migration. The downstream of the river was extremely wide and broad. The thickess of the ice layer could reach one meter with the main stem in the middle course of the river, very deep. There were a few springs along the river, sweet and clear.I only went forward a little bit more than 4km but I had walked more than 20km for finding my way. It was not possible to cross the main stem, let alone the north bank of Bungdad Co. What I could only do was to try to find a shallow place to cross. But the southern area was a even larger piece of wetland and forced the road turn towards west. I spent a couple of hours but failed to find a good point to cross the river. In the afternoon, I decided to follow the edge of the wetland. When I reached the hill foot, the wetland finally disappeared. Around this area, there were clearly volcanic feature of terrain and I even found traces of pasturing and cairns made from volcanic rock.Here was the last pasturing trace I found throughout my journey, I guessed it was a summer pasture area. After this, there was no clear sign of human activities in this vast wilderness. I had been looking for my ways until it was dark. I made up my mind where to go TOMOrrow. The terrain here looked like Yardang landforms, as well as volcanic landforms The Yinshui He river from Orba CoSprings scattered all over the river bank, painted green by lovely algaeThe river was very deep. The mixture of green and amber colour showed the sand and mud carried by the melted iceThick layer of ice, sunken surface caused by strong gustsThe south course of the Yinshui He, countless small streams. To the right was the wetlandLooking for ways in the east, a trace of pasturing and the cairn made from spongy volcanic rocksMy camp, opposite to the hillDay 7 (April 26), 11km, Camping 5009mI moved forward to the direction I found yesterday, turning around the wetland and walking toward east. At 2pm, I was blocked by the zigzag Yinshui He again and I had no choice but to cross it. The river was about 700m wide, covered by ice which appeared very different. The hanging ice, the folding ice, the piling-up ice, the icy puddle, and the sleet were everywhere along the river bank. Having noticed all of these, I reckoned the river would be receding at dusk, which was why there were so many different shapes and forms of ice. I put my slipper on, going into the main stream of the river. I found there were at least three different courses of the river, the thickness of the surface ice varied and the river water reached above my knees. I sighed there would be no way back once I crossed this river. There are many ways in one's life too, you can only take it once and you will no long have the courage to repeat it.I pushed the bike crossing the river. Some of the ice was a bit soft, jamming the tyres so that I had to use my feet to break them first. Some of the ice was a bit thick but with half-melted underneath, sticking the the bike completely, some of the ice was half-water half-ice with a sandy riverbed, which was really hard to pass. I had to remove all of the panniers at the last stage of the crossing. I spent the whole four hours to cross the river, my legs got many bloody cuts. At 6pm, the surface ice was almost disappeared completely, the river level rapidly rising to a chaotic status. I thought if I hesitated a little bit at that time, I could not have the courage to cross this river under such circumstances. The river bank was unimaginably sandy and was quite steep. I had to unloaded the panniers again to reach the top of the bank. By the time of sunset, the weather became exceptionally good. The sunlight from the descending sun, the blue sky, the faint moon, .... I liked such a colorful and peaceful Chang Tang and very much enjoyed my camp and myself bathed in such beautiful colour.The ice like this was very thin and suspended, far away from the main stemHard surface with half-melted underneath, the soft sand at the botton was most scaryThe ice like this could easily jam the wheels, hard to get it outI had to unload the panniersChaotic water and terrible hails turned up in no timeThe Chang Tang at the moment liked it used to be,a mixture of cold and warm tones under the golden setting sun Day 8 (April 27), 14.6km, Camping 5112mLast night, I forgot to bring in the odometer, which was out of order due to the coldness in midnight. Since then I used GPS to check the mileage. The digital thermometer was no longer working. I had to use mercury thermometer to collect data. Night temperatures were basically between –15℃—–20℃ while the temperature inside my tent was about –10℃. The advantage of the integrated tent was that it limited the ventilation so to keep warm inside. However, it got clearly disadvantage of heavy condensation and dew. Every morning, there was plenty of frost inside the tent so that I had to put my hood on First Before fully getting dressed. The winds in Chang Tang finally became consistent with the pattern I had researched the other day no or very tiny wind in the morning, strong wind started after 2pm, and then at around 8pm its strength was reduced again. The accuracy of this prediction was about 80%.The road was very bad today. I walked whole afternoon in an ancient riverbed and it was so difficult that I had to use all of my strengths to move a small step forward and then to stop to breath, slower than a snail. After five hours' struggling, my eyes got wet when I saw the grassy river bank. Finally! The nightmare was over.Cold and clear morningHeavy morning condensation in the interior, a lot of frost to clearSuch dawning sunlight indicated a cloudy day ahead Day 9 (April 28), 18km, 5072mIn the morning I entered a range of sandy roads which were so terrible. The solar panel specially designed for GPS got short circuited. After checking it was found to be the diode got damaged. Luckily I got a replacement. Because the GPS was exclusively supplied by a solar panel so that it was no longer a problem for the power supplement of GPS. In a period of 70 days, I did replace the battery once, which saved me a lot of alkaline batteries. I did have another solar panel of 5.4 W which was used specifically for 7.5V Camera, DV and other digital facilities. Unlike water, I had never been short of power.At 7pm in the evening, I arrived at Pur Co. The surface of this lake was very odd the ice by the river bank rose and the river bank was broken, I reckoned that was due to the strong winds. The ice there was mingled with something yellow, could be the stain of alkali. There were many wild yaks on the other side of the lake. There could be two brown bears but I could not be for certain. On the east side of the lake, there was a peninsula leading to the centre of the lake. I camped just opposite to the peninsula. At night , I smashed the ice to get drinking water, which tasted alkali. For the first time I cooked the cereals, which was brought completely by accident. This was just because I found there was a little bit of extra space when I was in Nagri packing the stuff for this journey so that I bought two packs of cereals. It tasted disgusting, probably there was too much alkali in the water. I threw away half of it. Later I realised that probably I subconsciously felt that the provisions was so heavy. I would rather make it lighter at any cost.Dry all my stuff in the morning sun, a routine matterA faint dusk in Pur CoThe river bank pushed up by ice and opened like zipper by gustsThe pushed up surface of the iceThe place where I got my drinking water, a thin layer of ice behind the ablation corns The moment just before sun set, glittering Pur Co, nothing was the same差点儿没找到俺自己的帖子,原来变色了。多谢各位鼓励。 Day 10 (April 29), 16km, Camping 5141mIn the morning, I walked around the north bank of the Pur Co, where it were continuous ups and downs sprinkled with light yellow sprouts across the sparse grassland. The wild yaks clustered into small groups. All of a sudden, there was a group of five of them running towards me, blowing a huge cloud of dust with the power of thunderbolts,I believed that anyone who did not know the characters of the wild yaks must be frightened to death under such circumstances. The fact was the wild yaks in groups never injured people. Rushing to you just to show you its territory. When they approached people at certain distance, they would turn sharply and run away, and then stopped somewhere high to stare at you. You can not imagine that the wild yaks were very cautious animals compared with its almost one ton of weight. Their first reaction, when meeting people, was to raise their tails, the front hooves rubbing against the ground, the horns pointing forward, the eyes redden, and the long body hair shaking, all of which showed their determination to fight.This was the warning sign that you should retreat. However, you should realise that this was only a gesture that they were afraid of you and wanted to scare you away. The thing was that if you were not afraid of them and moved forward, they would run away in no time. There were only some mad yaks attacking people, which was really rare to happen. In Chang Tang, an experienced driver know that it is very dangerous to pass directly from two or three lonely wild yaks. They always tried to avoid confronting them directly. If this was not possible, they would lit a cigarette, smoking, to wait until the yaks walked away themselves. This was because the wild yaks really could attack vehicles, which was not completely rumors. I once asked them why I had not been attacked. They told me that because my bike was so small they would not be bothered to attack it. My own experience was that approaching a wild yak very slowly, do not look into its eyes, and ignored what it was doing. As long as it moved forward a little bit, just stop and give the yaks a little bit of time to think. Because if you forced the yak, it could be themost dangerous animal in the world and nothing could stop them killing. Even a gunshot could not kill it but only left a small hole in its skin. In the past, the nomads living near this land would use yaks' skin as chopping board which was very much endurable. At noon, I lost my balacLAVA, which was brand new and I had never used it once. I could not be bothered to go back tofind it. This resulted in that I had to have my fleece hat day and night in the rest of my journey, which did not provide fully protection from the sun in the plateau. But somehow I was all right, perhaps because my skin is similar to those of yaks, lol. At around half past one, I found a deserted Jeep, upside down. I felt it could be there for years and it could be the vehicle of someillegal HUNTERs. Nowadays, we have wildlife conservation reserves in Chang Tang and the animals here are well protected. However, some people kills the wild yaks to sell them as the domestic yak's meat. In general, it is worth 10,000 Chinese yuans for a single wild yak. Therefore many people take the risk to make money. They often enter the unpopulated areas to hunt and their activities can reach 200 km in diameter. This is why the wild yaks in the deep wilderness are less afraid of people than thoseat the boundaries of the Chang Tang region.There once happened that a wild yak mother revenged its baby's murder in the Altun mountains. Its horns pierced the killer's chest and held his body over its head for more than ten days, which was very touching.Around 3pm, I walked out of the Pur basin. The next point was Hong Shan Daban and then it was the Yueya Hu by the Toze Gangri. At this time I found a vehicle track from south to north. I checked over but could not find the way where they had gone. I took my map, GPS, and compass, climbing up a small hill to estimate the location of Hong Shan Daban. The mountain was very round and it was hard to find the mountain pass. After determining the location of the Daban, I moved straightforward. When I passed a messy grassland, I saw something that I was reluctant to see more than hundreds of wild yaks' head scattered all over, which was definitely the scene of the illegal hunting. After that it was a very long ancient river bed with soft sand slowly rising until the foot of the mountain.There are some spines on the surface of the tongues of wild yaks, which are used by nomads in this area as combs. They use them from their teens to the time when their hair becomes silver.The deserted Jeep, could be left by illegal hunters years agoThe slaughtered wild yaks with the wheel size heads. Some of the skulls were chopped into half. Why was that? Could be taken away for making combs?My camp at the foot of the Daban underthe lingering golden rays of the setting sun. Tomorrow's weather must be wonderful, I reckoned Day 11(April 30), 20.4km, Camping 5120mThe surface of the road leading to Hong Shan Daban was very hard, most of them were small rocks, sort of gravels, plus a quite long downhill slope, I pushed my bike more than 20km for the first time after Luxing Hu. The mountain pass was quite flat, just like a broad ridge, it was 5256m above the sea level. Upon arriving at the pass, Toze Gangri of 6356m was in my sight clearly, very much round and there was no back bone like normal snow covered mountains. Most of the snow mountains in Chang Tang looked like this probably it was due to the geological movements. There were quite a few chirus or Tibetan antelopes in the valley but I was not interested in this kind of animals anymore after I witnessed a large scale of migration of such animals last year elsewhere.The herbivorous animals here are very quick to reach its original size of the population, such as wild yaks, chirus, Tibetan gazelle, pika, and marmot. When you go into the depths of the Chang Tang, you could hardly be surpised by the sudden appearance of the chirus because they are so common in here. At this time of year, the chirus have already male-female parted. You could see many pregnant female chirus but hardly see any males. According to recent research, Zonag Co is not the only lake for breeding. There are at least four of them in the whole Chang Tang. Zonag Co, Tuzi Hu, Heishi Beihu, and another lake I can not remember. I think there must be more than four of them and most of the populations do not migrant long way like most people used to think. They generally migrant from south to north between Central Mountains and Kunlun Mountains.The chirus looks very timid but are very curious about outside world. They are not really afraid of people, particularly in the depth of the Chang Tang. The nearest distance we can approach is about 30m. They just stare at you calmly and think who you are and why you move so slow. They would run in front of you. Look like they are afraid of you but the fact is they are playing with you. A man's own character shapes his fortune. This is of course suit for animals too. The chirus are the typical one. They have a super speed and a pair of sharp antlers. If they are crazy, three of them work together could easily kill a wolf. But as you might have known, their antlers are just for fighting to mate with females.Down the Daban there was a very steep and straight road, I tried to ride the bicycle but ended up with falling over. The front rack came loose and one of the pannier flew into valley. The foot of the mountain was the Yueya Hu covered by ice, which was alake full of heavy metal elements. Along the lake bank there were many stark rocks very much weathered, lining up just like castles or houses. This made me stop to investigate what they were from time to time, I did understand they were just rocks though but they were so real like the figures of real people. On of them even made me hide in a ditch, observing them again and again using my binoculars. There were also many black volcanic rocks. All in all, the features of this area were really unusual.Passed over the Yueya Hu, it was an endless ancient lake bed. What my GPS showed was this area was a big lake like tentacles. I looked around, it was endless wilderness without a piece of ice and a drop of water. Roughly, I estimated this lake bed was about 1200 square meters. I had to tell you that Chang Tang was a place where there was no high-resolution map. The marks in the map often were some kind of memory. Just like this ancient lake bed under my feet, may be it was full of water a few years ago. Who knows. Pushing the bike in such an endless lake bed was very easy to get lost. My mind was in a chaotic status too.The migration of the animals, photo taken last year The road rising up to the Daban, full of gravels, very hard, ideal for pushing your bikeThe Yueya Hu gazed at by the round and smooth Toze Gangri. At a glimpse, could you tell which was mountain, which was cloud?Ancient lake bed. The white stains were the alkali, look like ice. About wildlife (part 1)Declaration Personal experience for reference onlyDangerous wild animals and their threats to human beings are a ever-LASTING subject for those backpackers travelling in the wild.In Chang Tang, for example, there are two kinds of deadly animals, one is wolves and the other is brawn bears. As substitutes, wild yaks and crows might be dangerous to you in some circumstances that I will come back to this a little bit later on. As for how to protect yourself against these dangerous animals, I think the primary point is you do not try to hurt them because the emotions of human and animals are same instinctively. [Wolves]Throughout my journey, I met wolves a total of seven times, in which I confronted them five times. As you might have known that wolves have become more and more solitary animals, it is very rare they live in a large group nowadays. Please allow me off the point a little bit and talk about the ecological problems in Chang Tang. The problem is now not the decrease of the number of the chirus but the imbalance of the whole food chain, more specifically, the number of the animals on the higher trophic levels of the food chain has not yet reached its ideal level which results in this kind of imbalance. Particularly, the pikas and the marmots who have lost their predators rapidly expanse which results in the desertification of Chang Tang. As early as the middle of last century, wolves were the dominant predators in the vast wilderness. They became a threat not only to other preys but also nomads pasturing in this land. Therefore, the then government called on people to cull back the population of the wolves in Chang Tang, which resulted in the current situation directly. The last official record about wolves attacking humans was around 1970s, which happened in Bamaoqiongzong. A team of secientists was surrounded by a group of wolves and they had to shoot them using guns. Of course, at present in Chang Tang, wolves are absolutely lonely.In this traverse, the first time I encountered a pair of wolves, one of them staying in front of me pretending to attack me while the other staying behind me. This is the standard attacking strategy of wolves. First, you should not be nervous which can be easily detected by the predators. Second, you should not retreat even an inch because this means you are the prey rather than the predator. Do not make any large movement, of course you could take a picture if you feel safe to do so. You must look into its eyes for a few minutes or even half an hour. When the wolves can not work out who you are and consider you are not posing any danger to them, then they will leave. You should remember that wolves in this land do not lack of food and it is much easy for them to catch a pika than a human. Even if being hungry, they would evalsuate how easy to get you done, What you need to do is to show them that you are not interested in them and you are not afraid of them at all, let alone to show your ID card to them. As for the wolves family, really, I have not heard for ages. If you really have an encounter with them and they have no other choice, then it definitely depends on your forture. In fact, for so many year, it has been very rare to happen that wolves kill human. But the rumours are still there, in particular, the road connecting Xinjiang and Tibet.The nearest encounter with a wolf throughout my journey, no conflict at all[Brown Bears]Brown bears are real dangerous animals to human. Every year there are some accidents happened in some regions of Xinjiang on the north side of Kunkun Mountains and steppes in Northern Tibet. More than that the bears could attack your house, smash your windows, and eat your sheep. Therefore, in Northern Tibet some local councils give subsidies to the pastorarists for compensating the losses due to the bears because they are not allow to fight back and kill the bears except their lives are in great danger. Once there was a nomad taught me a method to protect yourself from bears. He told me to pick up a stick to feed the bear and the bear thinks the stick is your hand which tastes disgusting. So the bear would leave. It was so funny but the reality is to find a stick in this vast wilderness is just like you win the lottery.Bears are omonivorous animal who are generally not interested in human flesh. You can find that in most of accidents, the bears did not eat any of the human flesh rather they just smashed them for kind of fun that we could not understand. For the reason why bears kill human, one explanation is the conflict between human and wildlife in this extreme ecological environment. The nomads invade the habitats of the bears, which results in these conflicts. On the other hand, it might be because bears have quite high IQ so that they think it is much easy to kill a sheep in the cote rather than to kill a pika in the wild.I have met bears five times in my traverse, in two cases we were very close to each other. I had even walked with one of them for quite a while, just like we had a date for a walk. The fact is it is not that terrible like you might imagine. The same rules for dealing with wolves apply to bears. Never provoke dangerous animals. A bear can run at a speed of 40km/h, do you think you can compete this in a highland 5,000m above sea level?However, there is a situation where it is really dangerous, that is the encounter. It is not easy to control your instinctive reaction to the external dangers. Last year once I turned around a hill, there was a bear just in front of me. The bear of course was frightened by me with its front legs holding up, waving in the air and roaring. At that time I sat on the ground, ignoring it. The bear then left in a few minutes. Chang Tang is a vast land so that this is not that easy to happen. But if it does happen, really only God can bless you.The nearest encounter with a bear throughout my journey. This bear disappeared in a herd of wild yaks, which I had tried hard to spot, really weird About wildlife (part 2)Declaration personal experience for reference only.[Wild Yaks]I have talked about quite a few, like in the post of Day10. I will no longer talk about it.This was the funniest encounter with a solitary wild yak, who did not warn me. If I sat down, it sat down too. If I moved forward, it stopped. Could not imagine what it was thinking about.[Crows]Crows are dangerous only when you fall unconscious in the wilderness. Of course they will be the first to taste your flesh in that case. Unlike their cousinsliving in urban areas, the crows in Chang Tang have a larger body like eagles. When they fly over your head, you could feel like it is a piece of cloud. They are scavengers but like fresh meat too. It once happened that a baby was killed by crows relentlessly, let alone the lambs got killed by them. Once a nomad asked me for fireworks to scare the crows away. (They are sacred birds not to be killed by human)It is easy to defend yourself against crows, that is to keep fighting, never fall in the wilderness.A short break attracted the crows. Of course, they were miscalculating this time, photo taken last year[Strategies Adopted]At the time when I met the four soldiers in Jieshan Daban, they said there were many dangerous animals in the Northern Tibet and asked me if I had brought a shotgun. I think if they knew that I would enter Chang Tang they would definitely check if I really have a shotgun. The so-called defence facilities I brought with me were the fireworks and pepper spray. I had never used them. The fireworks were ruined and thrown away when I crossed a river and I had never opened the pepper spray. I even had never thought about this when camping in the night. The reason was I did not feel the needs. During the day time whenever I met any animals I had never touched the knife I had brought. I did not have anything to defend myself when I walked out to investigate the route. The Chang Tang is really a vast area so as to be very easy to detect anything strange.By the way, you'd better to avoid mating season's animals because even tamed rabbits could be aggressive in mating season.The thing is even if you have a gun, it is not very much helpful when bears attack you. Therefore, your attitude is most important.I can tell you something. Dogs are more dangerous than these wild animals. I had been chased by Tibetan dogs, pounced on by dogs in mating season, also besieged by a group of dogs. I really feel it is more useful to know how to defend a dog.Declaration again The above experience is from Chang Tang only. Of course, the more you prepared, the better. Day 12 (May 1), 23.8km, Camping 5117mToday was May 1 -- the Labour Day, I had been walking in some lake area marked in the map but clearly dried up. The lake basin was flat and hard so that I even pushed my bike more than 20km. Let it be the special treat for my May Day. After midday it became cloudy with growing winds. Since the Yueya Hu that I passed yesterday, there were no big lakes until Yanghu Co (My route would be between Jianshui Hu and Bairab Co), there was even no light alkaline water to drink so I had to pay extra attention not to miss any possible drinking water supply to fill up my water bag. There were a few very small lakes but all were alkaline puddles which was very shallow, whose depth was no more than the length of a half-finger. These puddles were covered with a hard shell of the mixture of salt and ice which smelled stinking and decaying when getting closer, must be toxic water I supposed. On the shore of this type of small lakes it was muddy soil and very hard to get closer.There was no sign of tundra at all.It was almost half past six when I found some snow corns in a ditch, which was the only drinking water supply of the day. There was a thin layer of melted ice on the surface of the ground near the snow corn, which was very hard to collect and was contaminated by the alkali. The snow corn was the yet melted thick snow, which was shaped like a corn by wind. The snow was quite hard and dry,porous like ice. I crushed a few snow corns, putting them into the water bag.They would be my drinking water tonight. These snow corns were the only one in today's wilderness, I reckoned the reason why they were not melted like others was the soil underneath contained large amount of ice blocks which acted as a freezer.Very strong gale in the night, it was hard to bear the sound of the vibration of the tent. Small single tent was good in the sense that it would not be blown away as long as you stayed inside. But you had to be very careful to set up the tent. I once did not pay much attention when doing so, the tent was blown away by winds, and rolling over like a Giant lantern ... I ran after it, got it back, and was exhausted. In general, it is not possible to fix the tent completely using tent pegs because they were not very much effective like large tents. It was snowing around 23 o'clock, the winds were howling from north,then the falling snow flakes landed on my tent quietly, I finally felt at peace and fell asleep. The flat ancient lake basin, assisting me walking more than 20kmSmall lake en route, toxic waterSnow corns, the only drinking water supply today Day 13 (May 2), 0km, Camping 5117mWaking up in the morning and opening the tent, the heavy snow outside must be sent by the God to force me have a break for the May Day. After lying in for a while, getting up and walking on the snowy ground out I went to have a look around. As first sight there were a herd of chirus. They were plainly to be spotted because they looked like a clear black straight line in the while snow. I returned to get my camera and then followed them to take some pictures. But they were very much alert and kept a quite long distance from me. I felt they were a group of pregnant females, instinctively protecting themselves from any potential harm. I was no longer short of water, the snow gave me a precious supply of drinking water. The problem was that they were very petrol consuming. I tool 8.6 litre of petrol and the oil stove was Duola's MSR. The pot was of 1.5 litre, mainly for boiling water. After several days' experiments, I found that the liquid water needed 16mins and 14-15mins to boil in the morning and evening, respectively. For ice, it would take 35-40mins while for snow it took 45-50mins. Melting snow was a very time and petrol consuming process so if I had a choice between snow and light alkaline water, most of time I would go with the latter. Lying inside the tent, listening to musics,I smoked a cigarette while gazing at the more and more chirus around me. Because it was very cold I had been wearing my shoes all the time. Now I just put my bare feet under the warm sun for some fresh air. I found three cuts in my hands and one in my sole. The cuts were about 4cm in length, looked terrible but it was actually all right really. Half of my toes were injured by to much walking, quite painful. I fetched my medicine bag and found I only got four patches of plasters, a serious mistake. One of the cuts in my hand had never been cured until I was out of this desolate land so as to feel like this finger would drop from my hand at any time. The others quickly recovered in a few days then new cuts appeared elsewhere. This process occurred periodically. I felt that it was somewhat related to the cold, dry weather and the lack of vitamins. The snow rapidly disappeared, which is unique phenomenon in Chang Tang. Because of the low air humidity and the high radiation from the sun, the snow was evaporating very fast, much quicker than the melting speed. Owing to this, the ground was generally still dry after the snow disappeared. In most cases, it would be only 2/5 left in the afternoon around 2 to 3 o'clock and small patches of ground could be seen. It would be completely all right for walking the next day. On the third day there could be some snow left in somewhere the sunlight hard to reach. So generally it could give you three days of water supply after a heavy snow like this. One of the pannier was broken, the most expensive one from deuter series, supposed to be waterproof. I will come back to it at some point later. Everything was covered by snow, no way out Lying in the middle of Chang Tang, listening to Tian Zhen's songs, and smoking Baisha cigarettes, what else can you ask for? The pregnant female chirus in migration, probably heading to Heishi Beihu to give birth([]
在祖国大陆之外,有一个深夜在线福利视频打小称之为宝岛的地方,80后的深夜在线福利视频对于日月潭、阿里山耳熟能详,但却从未有机会不受限制的前往一睹其风采。2011年,两岸自由行开放,大陆游客终于可以通过办理申请,不受团队限制地踏上台湾这片热土。自由行开放后的第三个年头,我也终于按耐不住,经过一番准备,开始了台湾之行;时间:2014.04.11--2014.0426地点:宝岛台湾方式:逆时针环岛骑行(大圈)起点:台北桃园中正机场终点:台北桃园中正机场全程:13个骑行日,1300公里台湾海岸线花费:5000元台湾简介:台湾是个呈南北狭长型的海岛,面积约3.6万平方千米,仅占全国的0.38%,却有2300多万人口,高山、丘陵、平原、盆地、岛屿、纵谷与海岸等景观丰富,北回归线恰好从中通过,使台湾同时拥有热带、亚热带、温带等各种自然生态。全省包括台湾岛及兰屿、绿岛、钓鱼岛等21个附属岛屿和澎湖列岛64个岛屿,其中台湾岛海岸线长达1600多千米,这是本次环岛骑行的主战线。1895年,台湾被日本窃据,1945年抗日战争胜利后重归中国版图。所以在如今的台湾,日据时期的建筑、痕迹、管理随处可寻,后面文中我会写到;台湾环岛骑行,一次喂饱眼睛和肚子,更喂饱心灵的旅行;台湾环岛骑行,我将向你展示台湾无敌的海景,更将告诉你,为什么每个去过的人,都会爱上那里;欢迎添加我的联系方式及个人公众号,义务提供入台、环台骑行、摄影咨询;微信:373311053微博:艾欧_里亚微信公众号:格桑花旅行 入台之前,有两个比较大的问需要解决,这也是很多来台背包或者骑行的朋友比较关心的两个问,这里我大概写一下相关的办理流程。第一个问,入台证件的办理;1、你的户籍地需要是已经开放台湾自由行的城市,如北京、天津、上海等,详细的开放城市可以百度搜索一下,不是自由行开放的城市,暂时不能参与台湾自由行,需跟团前往;2、如果你符合上面的要求,那么可以着手办理“两证一”,即台湾通行证,注和入台证。台湾通行证即你在台湾的护照,和注一同在你所在城市的出入境管理处办理(注意,办理这个证件大概需要10个工作日左右);你拿到通行证之后,就可以着手办理入台证和预定飞机票了;入台证在淘宝上即可办理,大概200块左右,一般3到15个工作日可以办理下来。第二个问,自行车如何入台;1、直接飞机托运,一般山地车都在20公斤内,加上一些修车工具和配件,基本正好可以卡在20公斤,把握的好是不用额外花钱托运的;直接走超大行李道,车子简单拆卸后放入装车包即可;2、轮渡入台,优点是不用拆车,缺点是时间不好把握;福建平潭的澳前码头乘坐海峡号,目的地为台湾的台中港或台北港(两个班次,一、三、六发台北港,二、四、五、日发台中港,途中时间分别为台中两个半小时,台北三个小时);3、在台直接租车,3日起租600至800新台币,以后每加一日多加100至200台币。虽然程序上蛮复杂,但相比较后程的体验,个人认为还是超值的。解决掉这两个问,你基本就可以安心等着入台开始旅行了。我的入台证件我是从北京出发,直飞往返大概3000,转机大概2300,我选择后者;自行车需要打包成这个样子开可以在机场托运哦。照片为A大爷和我; 装备一览:睡袋、Mann Zug 楚格三防手机、手车工具、队旗;特别要提一下MANN 猎鹰 三防手机这是第二次长途骑行携带这款手机了,依然是非常结实,不怕淋雨,不怕摔,导航给力!淘宝链接:https//item.taobao.com/item.htm?spm=a230r.1.14.2.75pdqo&id=42228610829&ns=1&abbucket=18&sku=网上搜到一个关于MANN的搞笑视频,这外卖够狠的:https//v.youku.com/v_show/id_XNTQwMDQ2NTYw.html相机、身份证件本次骑行用车,新加坡Aleoca,全程无问,甚至连车胎也没爆过一次。 需要在厦门高崎机场转机,深夜在线福利视频半夜到达,需要在这里熬到凌晨再搭乘飞机入台;图为夜幕下的高崎机场。高崎机场附近有免费的WIFI,晚上机场要关闭,所以只能在外面凑合过夜;A大爷今年40岁,老顽童一个,最大的爱好就是到处徒步爬山,旅行世界,曾经环过青海湖,为人心态非常的好,色狼一个,心地善良,哈哈。 D1(4-12),60km,桃园机场~新竹市(桃园机场→竹园→观音乡→新屋→湖口→竹北→新竹市)终于熬到天亮,这么多问都解决了,台湾还远吗?眼巴巴盯着大屏幕起飞12日上午10点半到达桃园机场,入境检查,换台币,换台湾电话卡,调车,忙到十二点,结果被告知机场必须搭乘免费巡回巴士出门,否则重罚。短短一个小时时间,已经与台湾警察,大哥大店MM,机场成人深夜福利视频员打过招呼,初步印象,接触的每个台湾人都在履行着自己的工作职业,热情,亲和力强。出了这里,台湾自由行即刻开始;兑换台币,就在出机场的大厅里,很显眼,大概1比4.7的样子;最大面值1000一张;机场出口附近有免费领取的台湾旅游图,台湾地图台湾大哥大,15日吃到饱套餐,不限流量3G上网,台湾的3G速度非常快,可两三人共用一张卡,用WIFI 热点连接上网即可。简单个手续即可以开卡上网打电话出了机场大楼,A大爷和我兴冲冲地开始装车:将车包拆开,各种零件摆在地上,装前轮、安车座、调脚踏...二人齐心协力花了一个小时,待完成全部装车工作,收拾好凌乱的场地时,已是满头大汗。在这期间,有数位台湾民众上前来询问是否需要帮忙。似乎一切办理妥当,正当我两跃跃欲试准备骑车出发时,一位路过的机场工作人员提醒深夜在线福利视频,桃园机场不可以骑脚踏车进出,如果被抓到会被重罚的哦,如果想出机场到达可以骑车的地方,需要先乘坐机场内的免费巡回巴士。她看了看深夜在线福利视频装好的单车,不确定的说,但是不知道你们的车和行李是否能上这个巴士,保险起见,你们还是全拆了,打成包乘坐。我两当时傻了眼,如此这番的话,又要花费深夜在线福利视频两个小时。机场附近此时天气炎热,深夜在线福利视频心生焦急,脑门直冒汗。抱着侥幸能登上巡回巴士的心理,深夜在线福利视频又找到一位机场的安保人员求帮忙。他是一位反恐特警,但是没有一点警察的架子,非常热心的陪我们前往巡回巴士车站,到了车站后告诉深夜在线福利视频要如何跟巴士司机解释,要坐到哪一站才可以开始骑行。十五分钟后,巡回巴士进站停车,我和前面的司机讲了深夜在线福利视频的情况,得到了非常有亲和力的回复:从后门将脚踏车搬上来就好,不要着急,我可以等你们。巴士上乘客不多,有数的几个人知道深夜在线福利视频是从大陆来环台,也对我两报以钦佩的目光。来台刚刚不到两小时,心生感动良多次。在这里开始装车车辆安装完毕,以为一切搞定巡回巴士站台桃园机场出机场区域没有给脚踏车骑行的车道,切记!自行车直接上巴士,在大陆从未有过的待遇巴士车出机场,到达有自行车道的车站,别过巴士司机,环岛之旅这才正式开始。加油,A大爷! 初到台湾,一切似乎都很新鲜:马上路稀少的车辆、路边随处可见的槟榔西施和711便利超商、机车(摩托车)和自行车的数量多于汽车、不时路过会看到大片在路边的墓地等等。这是刚刚开始的新奇的旅行,这一路会遇到什么人和事,体验何种民族风俗,太值得首次来台的深夜在线福利视频期待。普及一些台湾的小常识:快速路,即大陆这边的高速路,没有任何收费站,也看不到交警,所以如果你选择错误,会骑上高速。。。机车,即摩托车;铁马,也叫脚踏车,即自行车;牵车,即推车;不会,即谢谢的意思;网咖,就是网吧;简讯,深夜在线福利视频的手机短信;冰店,冷饮店台湾有很多有名的冰店,如建华冰店。机场附近有一家超丽冰店,老板原是福建人,在台三十几年;天气炎热,来份1000CC的黄桃汁,蛮爽。槟榔西施的铺子,后面我会写路上见过的那些西施们;台湾的土地归民众所有,他们有自由买卖土地的权力; 当然,也就有在随意在自己的土地上盖建筑物的权力;图为台61号线路边的墓地;路上遇到一对父子,父亲在前面一直骑,头也不回,儿子紧紧的跟着。脚踏车运动在台湾非常的普及,桃园、新竹等县区甚至有专门的脚踏车专用高架,供民众沿海骑行使用。便利超商即我们这边的超市。在台的那些日子,可能接触最多的地点,就是台湾的便利超商。在台湾,711、全家、OK等超商随处可见,即便是在偏远的山区、村镇,也可以很容易的找到便利超商的身影。拿711为例,在台几乎是万能的,你可以在711购物,可以取现还款,可以充话费,可以邮寄包裹,甚至可以睡觉、洗漱。在台的这半个月,深夜在线福利视频的中饭基本是在711解决的。台湾一些商品的物价我一次换了20000新台币; 台湾这个时候也蛮热,一般吃过中饭,为了躲避太阳,防止骑行中暑,深夜在线福利视频会在超商店里休息一两个小时;街头的自助洗衣店,大概50新台币左右洗一桶衣服,40分钟左右即可取出。明晃晃的天空,酷热中骑行,好在一切都充满新鲜感;不要与天抗争,气温高就多休息,保持状态和体力,等傍晚气温降下来,再加把劲是上策;我的Aleoca 单车台湾西线的自然风景较东线要略逊一些,但就环境来说,依然干净整齐。A大爷忍不住停下拍照太阳斜下,气温渐渐降低,这一天中骑行速度的高峰随之到来 下午5点左右,骑行至桃园新屋乡笨港村,远远看到一座巨大的铜像矗立在路边的一座村庄内,便驱车前往一探究竟。原来,这是新屋乡的圣母娘娘庙,旁边这座铜像高30.5米,重100吨,遥望着永安海港,手持宝瓶、法相庄严,矗立天后宫旁,是新屋乡的新地。台湾妈祖信仰妈祖是以中国大陆东南沿海为中心、包括东亚(琉球、日本、韩国及东南亚)海洋地区的海神信仰,又称天上圣母 、天后、天后娘娘、湄洲娘妈等。台湾早期汉人移民多自中国大陆福建闽南地区渡海而来,台湾又四面环海,海上活动频繁,因此海神妈祖成为台湾人最普遍信仰的神明之一。无论是大小街庄、山海聚落,还是通都大邑,都可看到妈祖庙。据说,仅台湾一地就有妈祖庙510座。妈祖信仰传到台湾以后,逐渐发展出属于自己的特色。有学者认为妈祖已发展出与中国妈祖不同的特性:“‘妈祖’在中国福建的南方原是‘出海妈祖’,仅是渔民的守护神。然而,在台湾的妈祖已成‘过海妈祖’,她在历史上已成离开中国的移民祈求平安到台湾的过海守护神。目前台湾奉祀妈祖创建庙的大致可分为三大派:一是军派或称水师派,主要是以跟随明郑成功光复台湾子弟兵后代为主;二是官派又名仕绅派,多为清康熙施琅提督攻台统治的官员后代为主;三是民间派-多为海员、渔民、工商界人士和迁移居百姓为最多。每年农历三月二十三日是妈祖的诞辰。在这一天,各地的妈祖庙都会张灯结彩、演戏并伴随盛大的绕境祭礼行列,非常热闹。夜幕降临,A大爷和我在一家路边小馆简单吃了点饭菜,继续骑行到达新竹市区。几经打听后前往新竹渔港,找了一块离公共卫生间近的地方搭帐篷露营。这一天的骑行距离不长,权作是首日适应热身。台湾首日,迎来夜幕青菜里也放海深夜福利在线播放面里也有,还真不适应;一顿饭二人大概花费260新台币,约合人民币60块钱;每到一个村镇,都可以见到类似这样的庙宇宫殿;A大爷骑行穿过一处隧道当晚深夜在线福利视频的营地; D2(4-13),124km,新竹市~鹿港小镇(南寮渔港→竹南→后龙→通宵→清水→龙井区→鹿港小镇)假如你先生来自鹿港小镇 请问你是否看见我的爹娘 我家就住在妈祖庙的后面 卖着香火的那家小杂货店 假如你先生来自鹿港小镇 请问你是否看见我的爱人 想当年我离家时她一十八 有一颗善良的心和一卷长发没错,这首脍炙人口的歌曲从小听到大。我一直梦想过,要去真正的鹿港小镇。3今天,我的目的地就是,鹿港小镇。图为鹿港小镇,妈祖庙。妈祖庙的后面长啥样,后面发图。本次环台骑行共露营6天,平均每两天露营一次。露营地点一般安排在当地特色或景色别致的地方,如台湾的国小、国中、渔港、公园等。台湾有非常好的户外运动环境,可以露营的地点选择非常多,尤其是在西线海边,常常有专门设立好的帐篷露营区。昨日营地,A大爷正在收帐篷;营地离海边很近,附近有块大草坪,早上有看到蛮多晨跑的人;附近厕所边有棵大榕树,估摸有上千岁;台湾的厕所厕所在台湾被称为化妆室,大都非常干净整洁,内部设施人性化。像下图这个化妆室,就在深夜在线福利视频的营地附近,还设有专门的育婴室,为带宝宝的妈妈们提供方便。在男化妆室中,厕坑还分坐式和蹲式两种。这边的房子看着都是这个风格,早餐和午餐一般在711解决;台湾西线,晴天时一直是这个颜色,明晃晃的感觉,很热,空**呛芡ㄍ专用自行车车道不到台湾,身在大陆的我们想不到自行车运动在台湾有多么的普及和受重视。从行车用的专用车道来说,几乎每个台湾的县市都有开辟,自行车道和机动车道完全的分离,在重要的城市,甚至有专门为自行车骑行建设的过街天桥、小高架桥。新竹至竹南这段骑行路,专用自行车道更是穿越海岸边的丛林,一直向台南延伸。新竹附近的专用自行车道这种骑行环境和安全程度,宅人怕是也会坐不住放心大胆向前骑,不会有机动车打扰你享受运动时光;据说在台湾,机动车上自行车专用道,要被重罚!还是那句话,最好的人生,在路上;([]
新加坡樟宜国际机场航站楼内出租车行驶在绿意浓浓的街道上蓝天白云映衬下的街区 便利的交通、交流无阻的普通话、良好的治安管理、发达的经济、干净整洁的环境、绿意充盈的热带风情,充满活力的新加坡是出国旅游不容错过的观光地。 由于时间有限,很多游客都是跟团旅游,在新加坡逗留的时间只有1、2天,多是走马观花。 其实,如果能够静下心来慢游,新加坡是非常不错好地方。新加坡在细节上让人感觉很舒服,一切细节都是以人为本,换钱问路和交通都很方便。 进入新加坡,首先要达到新加坡樟宜国际机场。樟宜机场相当漂亮,据说是全世界唯一的5星级机场,也是国际上最繁忙的机场之一,给人的感觉是大而不空旷,干净温馨,到处都是绿化,很漂亮。 机场里有汉语指示,跟着指示,能来到出关与填入境卡的地方,机上没填的或者不合格的在这填吧,边上就是WC,这里有各种语言的新加坡地图和旅游资料,可根据自己需要随便免费拿走。这些新加坡地图和旅游资料相当实用和人性化(在新加坡市内,仅一张旅游地图就需要10新币,相当于人民币50元)。 樟宜机场有3个航站楼,t2和t3都可以坐地铁,t1需要坐机场的快客到t或t3坐地铁,在机场乘公交和打的也很方便。 在新加坡住5天以上最好办个Elink卡,地铁、公交、小超市和一些小店都可以用,每次坐车能便宜不少钱,离开时退换余款留个卡可做纪念。新加坡的地铁孩子90cm以上就要买票。 在新加坡旅游,完全可以自己坐地铁、公交或出租车去每个景点,很方便。新加坡的地铁系统发达,互相换乘方便,而且新加坡地铁站许多与公交站是纵横交叉的,可以不出站换乘公交车。新加坡的公交系统也很发达,上下车自觉刷卡就可,根据行驶距离自动计算收费。但新加坡车厢里不准吃东西、喝饮料,否则罚款几千元人民币,逃票罚款也很严厉。 新加坡曾是英国殖民地,开车习惯与国内相反,方向盘在右边,车辆和行人都是靠左行驶,刚去时很不习惯。有一天,看到一辆车里面一个很小的女孩在开车,很惊讶,再仔细看,她是坐在副驾驶上,她爸爸在另一边开车呢。哈哈! 在新加坡的七天里,几乎没有见过警察,更不要说站在马路边上的“协警”了,最繁华的十字路口也没有警察指挥交通。 新加坡的治安也是国际上出名好的地方,在这里旅游,你会感觉很安全。感受新加坡之一——漫步岛国看狮城 干净清新亦繁华(概述篇) https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2172957-1-1.html感受新加坡之二——休闲小岛走不停 亚洲最南寻风情(圣淘沙篇)https//bbs.8264.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=2182169&page=1&extra=#pid50347652感受新加坡之三——参天巨树生满园热带风情绿无限(植物园篇)https//bbs.8264.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=2231866&page=1&extra=#pid53500784感受新加坡之四——绿意充盈总统府世外桃源乌敏岛(总统府和乌敏岛篇)https//bbs.8264.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=2253589&page=1&extra=#pid55203314感受新加坡之五——海风轻拂鱼尾狮 流光溢彩夜迟迟(滨海湾篇)https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2255988-1-1.html感受新加坡之六——狮城国花胡姬花千姿百态芬芳开(胡姬花篇)https//bbs.8264.com/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=2299743&page=1&extra=#pid58352540感受新加坡之七——小印度里寻缩影甘榜格南回族情(新加坡河等篇)https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2322447-1-1.html感受新加坡之九——狮城春节气息浓牛车水里最喜庆(春节和牛车水篇)https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2330106-1-1.html感受新加坡之十——方式灵活有初院 环境优美好校园(南初篇)https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2344728-1-1.html感受新加坡之十一——享誉全球名高校 环境优雅美校园(南大篇)https//bbs.8264.com/thread-2354269-1-1.html 从首都北京离开心爱的祖国 中英文对照的新加坡地铁线路图 夜色下的首都机场停机坪 到达新加坡就遇到在国内难得一遇的彩虹天 行驶在街道上的公交车 有的地方地铁线和公交并行 干净整洁的街区 司机在清洗大车车轮,在国内很少见过这样洗车的吧。 新加坡的组屋(普通新加坡人主要的住房,有政府资助),组屋一层供居民聚集、休憩、活动用。 新加坡旅游地图 在新加坡更多的是全英文的地图和志 等车的人们 新加坡有的地铁站带有中英文对照的站牌 等机的乘客 樟宜机场停机坪 樟宜机场停机坪 樟宜机场航站楼内 宽阔的道路车并不多,新加坡有私家车的人较少(政府严格控制私家车购买)。 公交停车站 道路两旁都是绿色 处处都干净整洁 清洁工多是印度人 地铁站多与商场相接,且接的很自然。 商场里可谓玲琅满目 街上的雕塑 精品店 河边的街区 街边的大厦 街边的居民([]
好久没有写点什么了。去了欧洲不少地方,借这次贴,帮大家总结一下欧洲旅游的的大概交通以及欧洲的一些经验。我会尽量把每个景点的德语名和地铁站也给大家列出来,方便以后出行。小囡完结文推荐:我的西班牙情结-巴塞罗那(更新完)https//bbs.8264.com/thread-1263433-1-1.html结束了大大小小的考试之后开始准备申根,如果你在弄欧洲的申根的话,强烈推荐德国,不少朋友第一次都给了3个月多次往返,且每次时间长达30天,这个是别的国家不可能达到的大方。这样三个月内你可以随意去欧洲而不用准备证,省了很多麻烦。并且德国的申根是不需要定机票的。这次的行程是 德国—奥地利—捷克 ,因为三个国家都接壤,所以直接飞去柏林,然后从布拉格飞回曼彻斯特,中间都是火车,个人比较偏好坐火车的感觉,沿途穿越欧洲大陆,看着风景,又何尝不是一种享受。嘎嘎。 具体行程路线:德国,柏林—科隆—慕尼黑—天鹅堡—慕尼黑奥地利,慕尼黑—萨尔斯堡—国王湖(属于德国,但是萨尔斯堡比慕尼黑的距离短)—维也纳捷克,维也纳—布拉格—Kutna Hora—布拉格—Česk253; Krumlov(ck小镇)—布拉格(如果有童鞋想去匈牙利布达佩斯,可以从维也纳先去布达佩斯,大概2个半小时,然后从布达佩斯去布拉格,这样是最合理的)交通:曼彻斯特—柏林,汉莎航空,(这个是中文网址 https//www.lufthansa.com/cn/mi/Homepage)不要迷信廉价航空一定便宜,官网有很多deal,比廉行的便宜,而且行李免费托运一件的。布拉格—曼彻斯特,jet2,这个是廉价航空,不过个人感觉比easyjet好多了,起码不是那么乱,而且成人深夜福利视频还不错。www.jet2.com 对了,如果有想欧洲境内飞的,且想省钱的,给大家一个概念,飞机比火车便宜,飞机有很多廉价航空,比如之前提到的jet2,easyjet,ryanair,bmibaby,flybe等,价钱很便宜,但是只能拿一个随身行李带上飞机,并且大小有严格要求,还有重量,如果要托运需要加钱。机上不供应免费的酒水和餐。他们的航线会有所不同。不过欧洲国家飞机最远也超不过3个小时,所以廉行是一个很不错的旅行省钱选择。住宿我是属于比较挑剔住宿的人,必须干净和有免费的wifi,主要觉得玩一天累了可以有一张床让我期待。嘿嘿。住宿我会在下面不同的城市列出来。不过所有的住宿都是在www.booking.com上定的。德国交通机场出来,直接找information处,可以问怎么去你的酒店。他会给你推荐公交还是地铁地铁分为S-bahn 和 U-bahn,当天买天票,可以随便坐。单次的票,2个小时之内随便坐。城市之间:德国联邦铁路 DB Bahn 中文网址 https//www.detie.cn/ 英文网址 https//www.bahn.de/i/view/overseas/en/index.shtml 它还有app,直接搜DB 就出来了, 下免费的那个,可以实时查火车时间,站台什么的,很方便快车停靠站相对较少,主要有ICE,IC/EC慢车停靠站相对较多,主要有RB,RE.IRE有的时候快车慢车可以差4,5个小时,所以提前计划好,当然票价也差很多。天气:柏林的7月大概就二十多度,也可能是那两天天阴,有雨,带外套是必须的。火车上的空调一般都是很足的。初到柏林,得瑟一下,嘎嘎。勃兰登堡门﹙Brandenburger Tor﹚ 也称凯旋门,是柏林的志,位于东西柏林分界线上。是柏林第一座古典主义建筑物。地址:Pariser Platz 11017 Berlin地铁:Brandenburger Tor站胜利柱 Siegessäule勃兰登堡门背对着可以看到也可以乘地铁到Hansaplatz站勃兰登堡门正对着的就是菩提树下大街 Unter den Linden延着这条街一直走下去,可以到柏林大教堂和柏林博物馆岛,Museuminsel由老博物馆(Altes Museum),在它前面伸展着卢斯特花园。最北端是新博物馆(Neues Museum)和老国家艺术画廊(Alte Nationalgalerie)。面向西侧的是佩加蒙博物馆(Pergamonmuseum),最外侧的是博德博物馆(Bodemuseum),组成。地址: Unter den Linden/Am Kupfergraben 10178 Berlin Mitte地铁:Friedrichstraße站柏林大教堂Berliner Dom 仿造罗马的彼得大教堂,具有意大利文艺复兴盛期和巴罗风格。地址:Am Lustgarten 10178 Berlin Mitte地铁:Hackescher Markt站柏林国会大厦 REIchstag 国会大厦不仅是联邦议会的所在地,它屋顶的穹形玻璃圆顶也是俯瞰城市全貌的很好选择,和勃兰登堡门很近。地址:Platz der Republik 1,11011 Berlin Tiergarten地铁:Brandengburger Tor站远处不需要门票,如果要去玻璃顶要提前预约拿门票,一直到晚上8点也可以。门票是免费的。波茨坦广场 Potsdamer Platz 是新柏林的象征,DB,购物中心,索尼中心,都集中在这里。最有名的就是柏林电影节走的星光大道也在这里地铁:Potsdamer Platz站星光大道柏林墙 Berliner Maues不知道是什么节日还是政要会首,深夜在线福利视频正好碰上德国总理默克尔阅兵,还蛮幸运,只拍了一个背影最后,附一张德国柏林的地铁图 德国的总火车站都是Hauptbahnhof,简称hbf,买车票的时候要选车站,可以用到。科隆 其实火车站一出来就是科隆大教堂,如果只看这个,不打算莱茵河坐船游的话就没有必要住了。住宿:XII Apostel Albergohttps//www.booking.com/hotel/de/xii-apostel-albergo.en-gb.html?sid=a8a14747e6a0b49920eb3df0546e1b64;dcid=2条件还是不错的,地理位置也很好,晚上比较热闹,但是偏贵。交通科隆没有多大,景点也差不多在一起,走路就够了,没有必要买什么地铁票。天气明显比柏林热太多了,柏林还是长裤,到了科隆立马短裤。科隆大教堂 一出火车站就看到了,闻名世界的科隆大
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